qcow2: record fragmentation statistics during check

The qemu-img check command can display fragmentation statistics:
 * Total number of clusters in virtual disk
 * Number of allocated clusters
 * Number of fragmented clusters

This patch adds fragmentation statistics support to qcow2.

Compressed and normal clusters count as allocated.  Zero clusters are
not counted as allocated unless their L2 entry has a non-zero offset
(e.g. preallocation).

Only the current L1 table counts towards the statistics - snapshots are
ignored.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>

block/qcow2-refcount.c

diff --git a/block/qcow2-refcount.c b/block/qcow2-refcount.c
index 4eec4b1..771b7b2 100644
--- a/block/qcow2-refcount.c
+++ b/block/qcow2-refcount.c
@@ -917,6 +917,7 @@
 /* Flags for check_refcounts_l1() and check_refcounts_l2() */
 enum {
     CHECK_OFLAG_COPIED = 0x1,   /* check QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED matches refcount */
+    CHECK_FRAG_INFO = 0x2,      /* update BlockFragInfo counters */
 };
 
 /*
@@ -933,6 +934,7 @@
 {
     BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
     uint64_t *l2_table, l2_entry;
+    uint64_t next_contiguous_offset = 0;
     int i, l2_size, nb_csectors, refcount;
 
     /* Read L2 table from disk */
@@ -963,6 +965,17 @@
             l2_entry &= s->cluster_offset_mask;
             inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
                 l2_entry & ~511, nb_csectors * 512);
+
+            if (flags & CHECK_FRAG_INFO) {
+                res->bfi.allocated_clusters++;
+
+                /* Compressed clusters are fragmented by nature.  Since they
+                 * take up sub-sector space but we only have sector granularity
+                 * I/O we need to re-read the same sectors even for adjacent
+                 * compressed clusters.
+                 */
+                res->bfi.fragmented_clusters++;
+            }
             break;
 
         case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO:
@@ -990,6 +1003,15 @@
                 }
             }
 
+            if (flags & CHECK_FRAG_INFO) {
+                res->bfi.allocated_clusters++;
+                if (next_contiguous_offset &&
+                    offset != next_contiguous_offset) {
+                    res->bfi.fragmented_clusters++;
+                }
+                next_contiguous_offset = offset + s->cluster_size;
+            }
+
             /* Mark cluster as used */
             inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table,refcount_table_size,
                 offset, s->cluster_size);
@@ -1125,6 +1147,7 @@
 
     size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);
     nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, size);
+    res->bfi.total_clusters = nb_clusters;
     refcount_table = g_malloc0(nb_clusters * sizeof(uint16_t));
 
     /* header */
@@ -1134,7 +1157,7 @@
     /* current L1 table */
     ret = check_refcounts_l1(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
                              s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_size,
-                             CHECK_OFLAG_COPIED);
+                             CHECK_OFLAG_COPIED | CHECK_FRAG_INFO);
     if (ret < 0) {
         goto fail;
     }